Example On Composite Primary Keys In Hibernate

Composite primary keys means having more than one primary key, let us see few points on this concept

• If the table has a primary key then in the hibernate mapping file we need to configure that column by using <id /> element right..!
• Even though the database table doesn’t have any primary key, we must configure one column as id (one primary key is must)
• If the database table has more than one column as primary key then we call it as composite primary key, so if the table has multiple primary key columns , in order to configure these primary key columns in the hibernate mapping file we need to use one new element called <composite-id …..> </composite-id>

Example On this__

Files required….

• Product.java (Pojo)
• ForOurLogic.java (for our logic)
• hibernate.cfg.xml
• Product.hbm.xml

Product.java

package str;

public class Product implements java.io.Serializable{

	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

	private int productId;
	private String proName;
	private double price;

	public void setProductId(int productId)
	{
	    this.productId = productId;
	}
	public int getProductId()
	{
	    return productId;
	}

	public void setProName(String proName)
	{
	    this.proName = proName;
	}
	public String getProName()
	{
	    return proName;
	}

	public void setPrice(double price)
	{
	    this.price = price;
	}
	public double getPrice()
	{
	    return price;
	}
}

hibernate.cfg.xml

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-configuration>
<session-factory>
<property name="connection.driver_class">oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver
</property>
<property name="connection.url">jdbc:oracle:thin:@www.java4s.com:1521:XE</property>
<property name="connection.username">system</property>
<property name="connection.password">admin</property>

<property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.OracleDialect</property>
<property name="show_sql">true</property>
<property name="hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>

<mapping resource="Product.hbm.xml"></mapping>
</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>

Product.hbm.xml

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-mapping>
<class name="str.Product" table="products">

<composite-id>
<key-property name="productId" column="pid"  />
<key-property name="proName" column="pname" length="10" />
</composite-id>

<property name="price"/>

</class>
</hibernate-mapping>

ForOurLogic.java

package str;

import org.hibernate.*;
import org.hibernate.cfg.*;

public class ForOurLogic { 

	public static void main(String[] args)
	{

		Configuration cfg = new Configuration();
		cfg.configure("hibernate.cfg.xml"); 

		SessionFactory factory = cfg.buildSessionFactory();
		Session session = factory.openSession();

		Product p=new Product();

		p.setProductId(101);
                p.setProName("iPhone");
                p.setPrice(25000); 

	       Transaction tx=session.beginTransaction();
	          session.save(p);
	          System.out.println("Object Loaded successfully.....!!");
	       tx.commit();     

		session.close();
		factory.close();
	}

}

Eclipse output

In the database

Notes:

• see Product.java pojo class, in line number 3 i have implemented the java.io.Serializable interface,  this is the first time am writing this implementation for the pojo class right…!  we will see the reason why we use this serializable interface later.
• But remember, if we want to use the composite primary keys we must implement our pojo class with Serializable interface
• hibernate.cfg.xml is normal as previous programs, something like hello world program
• come to Product.hbm.xml, see line number 9–12, this time we are using one new element<composite-id>
• Actually if we have a single primary key, we need to use <id> element, but this time we have multiple primary keys, so we need to use this new element <composite-id>
• Actually we will see the exact concept of this composite primary keys in the next example (loading an object with composite key)

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::. About the Author .::
		Sivateja Kandula - Java/J2EE Full Stack Developer Founder of Java4s - Get It Yourself, A popular Java/J2EE Programming Blog, Love Java and UI frameworks. You can sign-up for the Email Newsletter for your daily dose of Java tutorials.